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  4. The alternator ripple refers to the fluctuation in the output voltage produced by an alternator. It is caused by variations in the magnetic field within the alternator's stator winding. Excessive ripple can lead to electrical system instability and potential damage to electronic components. Proper maintenance and monitoring are essential to ensure the alternator operates within acceptable limits and provides stable power output.
  5. Is alternator ripple pulsating DC or is there a bit of AC mixed in? Diagram from another site seems to be offering contrary information.
  6. Can Google Assistant really be trusted to control our home appliances, or is it just another invasion of privacy waiting to happen? Are there any security risks involved in integrating smart devices with voice-controlled assistants like Google Assistant?
  7. In an audio application that requires high fidelity, such as a mixing console in a professional recording studio, how would you weigh the choice between the JRC4558 and the TL072 op amps? Considering factors such as sound quality, noise level, and input impedance, how would you decide which op amp is better suited for a specific audio processing need? Here's the related article about JRC4558 vs TL072: https://www.avaq.com/technology/jrc4558-vs-tl072-what-are-differences-and-how-to-choose Thanks.
  8. In electronic manufacturing industry, PCB and PCBA are two terms that are often used interchangeably, but they actually refer to different aspects of the manufacturing process. Understanding the difference is essential for anyone involved in the electronics industry. Let’s delve deeper the difference between PCB and PCBA. Regarding PCB Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is the foundation of any electronic device. It is a flat board made of non-conductive material, usually fiberglass, with conductive pathways etched or printed onto it. These pathways, known as traces, form the circuitry that connects the various electronic components on the board. PCBs come in different shapes, sizes, and complexity levels depending on the specific application.The following characteristics summarize the distinct features of a PCB: High wiring density coupled with small size and lightweight properties contributes to the miniaturization of electronic devices. As graphics can be replicated consistently on each board, errors in wiring and assembly are minimized while saving time during equipment maintenance, debugging, and inspections. The utilization of mechanized and automated production is beneficial, as it enhances labor productivity and decreases the expenses associated with electronic equipment. Standardizing the design allows for easier interchangeability, which is advantageous in various industries. Regarding PCBA PCBA stands for Printed Circuit Board Assembly.It refers to the complete process of assembling PCB empty boards using SMT followed by DIP plugins. SMT (Surface Mounted Technology) is a method of mounting micro and small parts onto a PCB board without the need for drilling holes. It involves positioning the PCB board, printing solder paste, using a mounting machine for component placement, reflow soldering in a furnace, and conducting production inspections. On the other hand, DIP or “plug-in” is the process of inserting larger parts into pre-drilled holes on a PCB board. These parts are not suitable for SMT technology and are integrated by plugging them in. The production process for DIP includes applying adhesive, plugging in the components, performing inspections, wave soldering, plate brushing, and conducting production inspections. Both SMT and DIP play crucial roles in assembling PCBs with different types of components. While SMT focuses on surface-mounted technology without drilling holes on the board itself, DIP involves inserting larger parts into pre-made holes to ensure proper integration. In summary PCBA encompasses both SMT assembly as well as plug-in assembly techniques to create fully functional printed circuit boards with various electronic components. PCB vs PCBA: Understanding the Difference Based on the introduction provided, it is evident that PCBA typically denotes a manufacturing process and can also be interpreted as a completed circuit board. The calculation of PCBA can only occur once all the procedures on the PCB board have been finalized. On the other hand, a PCB refers to an empty printed circuit board without any components attached. In summary, PCBA represents a finished board while PCB signifies an unpopulated one. Fuxin PCB vs PCBA service Fuxin specializes in Contract Manufacturing of Electronic Products, from prototypes to small & medium production volumes of PCB Assembly & Turnkey assembly/ box build. Our one-stop PCBA/OEM service support multiple markets, including industrial,medical,communications network, automotive,multimaedia,consumer electronics,clean technology and oil&gas.
  9. I’m wanting to replace my burnt up transformer out of my soldering station. It has two separate transformers for the soldering iron and the Desoldering. Both transformers have an input of 115v. Output of 0-12v-0-25v, but the one for the Desoldering has secondary output of 0-7v-0-24v. the part number comes up but the part is no longer available. I’m still sort of new to this stuff, I wouldn’t care to replace both of the transformers if I had to. thanks Here’s pictures of the one
  10. Hello all, I’m fairly new to electronics and I know the basics but I’ve always been intrigued. Well I’ve been wanting to build my own spot welder for lithium batteries to fix my power tool batteries. I plan on using the transformer out of a microwave, now the part I’m confused about is the relay timer. How can I go about doing that and wiring it up? Also could I use the board from a microwave being it has the relay and the timer already built in? another thing I’m curious about is I have an old Tenma soldering station which inside has 2 transformers which are small. Is there anyway I could use it and just reverse certain things? thanks
  11. The three parts on the right have similar specifications to Diodes Incorporated & 1N4148WT-7.
  12. Hello everyone, I have a question that I would like to share with you: I am currently working on a project where I want to share the input PAD of an ADC with the GPIO's PAD. The main purpose behind this is to save costs. The GPIO PAD supports 5V tolerance, while the ADC only allows a maximum input voltage of 3.6V. I have implemented a switch (transmission gate) between the ADC and the PAD, which allows me to turn off the ADC when it is not in use. However, I have a concern regarding the situation where the PAD voltage is 5V, as it could potentially conduct through the PMOS of the switch and damage the ADC. Could someone please guide me on how to address this issue? Thank you all for your assistance. Best regards, Fred
  13. Hi Bob, I am sharing the new complete guide about 1N4007 vs 1N4148: What are Differences and How to Choose. Thanks.
  14. Hey guys, this is Erin, in today's blog we'll discuss the complete guide about the differences between 1N4007 vs 1N4148. The 1N4007 and 1N4148 are both diodes, but they have different characteristics and applications due to their distinct electrical properties. Here are the key differences between the two: Diode Type: 1N4007: This is a silicon rectifier diode, specifically a standard recovery rectifier diode. It is designed for high-voltage, high-current applications and is typically used for rectifying AC voltage to DC voltage in power supplies and other applications requiring high current handling. 1N4148: This is a silicon switching diode, also known as a fast switching diode or signal diode. It is designed for high-speed switching applications and is commonly used in low-power and high-frequency circuits. Forward Voltage Drop (VF): 1N4007: It has a relatively higher forward voltage drop, typically around 0.7 to 1.1 volts depending on the current passing through it. This higher voltage drop means it dissipates more power when conducting. 1N4148: It has a much lower forward voltage drop, typically around 0.6 to 0.7 volts. This lower voltage drop is advantageous in low-voltage applications as it reduces power dissipation and voltage loss across the diode. Reverse Recovery Time: 1N4007: This diode has a longer reverse recovery time, meaning it takes more time to switch off when the voltage polarity across it is reversed. This characteristic is acceptable for low-frequency power applications but not suitable for high-speed switching. 1N4148: It has a very short reverse recovery time, making it suitable for high-frequency applications and fast-switching circuits. It can switch on and off quickly in response to changes in voltage. Maximum Current Rating: 1N4007: It has a relatively higher maximum current rating, typically in the range of 1 to 2 amperes. This makes it suitable for higher current applications, such as power rectification. 1N4148: It has a lower maximum current rating, usually around 300 to 500 milliamperes. While it can handle moderate currents, it is not suitable for high-current applications. Reverse Voltage Rating: 1N4007: It has a higher reverse voltage rating, typically around 1000 volts or more. This makes it suitable for applications that require high reverse voltage blocking capability. 1N4148: It has a lower reverse voltage rating, typically around 75 to 100 volts. It is designed for lower-voltage applications and may not be suitable for high-voltage situations. Read more: 1N4007 vs 1N4148: What are Differences and How to Choose
  15. Fuxin advanced PCBA and turnkey manufacturing technology and supply chain management expertise,assist our coustmers in creating their competitive edge. Fuxin provided the professional one-stop OEM/EMS service from PCB Fabrication and Layout, Components Sourcing, Engineering, PCB Assembly, Enclosures, Turnkey assembly /Box build, Cable and Harness assembly. Email:peter@fuxinpcba.com Web:www.fuxinpcba.com
  16. I got an STM8S103F3P6 development board, I'm attempting to execute a typical linking-led application, but I'm not sure what I'm doing incorrectly. A LED was connected to PIN D3; the following is my code: 1. include void delay_ ms (uint16. _t ms) ; void delay_ _ms(uint16 _t ms) { while (ms- -) { uint16_ t i; for (i = 0:i< ms; i++){ nop () ; } } } main() { GPI0D- >DDR |=0x03; //PD3 as Output GPI0D- >CR1 |=0x03: //PD3 as Push Pull while GPI0D- >0DR|=(1
  17. In the electronic components industry, one prevalent issue that has been consistently troublesome is the prevalence of electronic component websites boasting inaccurate product inventories and prices. Consequently, when we urgently require components and initiate purchase inquiries, we frequently face increased time consumption in locating trustworthy suppliers. The vast array of component websites online makes it particularly challenging to swiftly discern their reliability, thereby causing significant inconvenience for our procurement team. I am curious if you have encountered a similar situation in your experience.
  18. Id like to move the red wire for the kwh meter shown from before to after the coil. Your thoughts?
  19. Hi all,i need a kwh meter to record power used on a 26a 240vac kiln. It does cycle off and on & has different heat settings. so i cant just use 26a x hrs I see so many electronic meters for sale and none really have a lot of reviews. Priced from 10 to 25$ and more. Are they any good? Which ones? So I decided to just buy one of those used mechanical house mtrs and box,but that will cost me 75 to 100$. Which is probably overkill. Any thoughts? I prefer one i can reset to zero every month, but might settle for one that i cant . I don't need one w\ an app. It will just hang on the wall and record kwh used. Simple p
  20. Hi Jamesik, it is great to find a cheaper circuit board,just warmly remind,we can not just judge a circuit board only for money value,different construction and different material,different surface treatment leads to different price,respondingly,if you emphasis on the quality,the price maybe rather higher,so we should've comprehended the whole elements to evaluate the price,hope it could help you,tks. BR Jalina
  21. There are quite lots of artists for art drawing,but quite a few make it apply for the PCB field,Is there anyone who can interpret how can make it?very welcome to leave comment,tks. BR Jalina
  22. So I need to make my own planar isolation transformers, so I can print them out quickly whole sheets of them, but I dont want the henry's are like on a planar transformer, and i'm not sure how to go do it. Anyone know much about them?
  23. Ive got this idea, to conduct through a dielectric by literally sparking through it, the problem is u only get one spark, but if i could get a lot of sparks (like a plane of them) and spark them all through at once, then i can have conduction through a dielectric! (like oil for example.) So anyone got any ideas for a multi-spark system, no stupid suggestions, and no stupid people.
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